Police and SWAT Teams Free Essays

string(26) cops as well. Smack represents Special Weapons and Tactics, and is a critical part of Law Enforcement that is essentially intended for quelling intensely furnished hoodlums and sparing the lives of many. Smack is even viewed as the most significant activity in the Law Enforcement branch, and for persuading reasons. Some have the conclusion that SWAT groups are threatening to people in general do to their military-styled strategies and operational methodology. We will compose a custom article test on Police and SWAT Teams or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now In any case, it is these alarming strategies that spare lives and kill genuine criminal dangers. Nowadays there are incredibly brutal hoodlums, intensely furnished groups, enormous medication cartels, and the open needs proficient units for security. It is SWAT’s occupation to come in when the circumstance is considered out of normal cop capacities. These circumstances incorporate prisoner salvage, high hazard court orders and hostile to fear based oppression. Is SWAT extremely fundamental? The appropriate response is a ludicrous YES, SWAT is a need! Couldn’t cops deal with the circumstances that we have SWAT for? The appropriate response is an extraordinary NO; the standard police power doesn't have the stuff to satisfy SWAT obligations. With the danger of psychological oppression on the ascent and the new innovation this century has achieved, the job of SWAT groups has extended, and their significance has never been more prominent. Cops are insufficient when it comes down to the security of USA residents, and SWAT groups are expected to deal with the fatal crooks and resolve high hazard circumstances that today may introduce in the snappiest and best manner conceivable. Without SWAT, it would resemble August 1, 1966 once more, an awful occurrence that demonstrated the requirement for an uncommon group intended for high hazard circumstances. Smack is just a need to shield every single American resident from being casualties of risky lawbreakers. Without SWAT, our resistance against wrongdoing would rely basically upon the customary the police power, and as The Texas Clock Tower Shooting appeared, that isn't sufficient. On august 1, 1966, a man named Charles Joseph Whitman arbitrarily slaughtered over twelve individuals and injured another at least 30 from the highest point of the University of Texas check tower in Austin in less than 90 min with his powerful rifle. The police power was so ungraceful for a circumstance like this, that despite the fact that they arrived in practically no time, they couldn't stop the frenzy of the â€Å"Texas Tower Sniper† for more than an hour and a half. It is even said that there was a lot of karma associated with halting him when they did. August 1 was the birth date of SWAT since it was on that day that Law Enforcement understood that they required extraordinary designs for these sorts of circumstances. Despite the fact that the cops included were without a doubt performing as well as could be expected, they didn't have the kind of strategic preparing or unique weapons expected to rapidly stifle this sort of rough wrongdoing. This staggering slaughter opened the eyes of America, and put a spot light on how genuinely defenseless the ordinary individual truly was. Nobody could have a sense of security if something didn’t change, for as Charles Whitman appeared, even a respect understudy could make such a shocking scene. It was then that Chiefs of police concluded that they expected to have groups of officials with gear and preparing to do exceptional designs for these kinds of occurrences. In this day, 2010, our nation would be crushed by lethal wrongdoing binges without SWAT groups. In the event that one man could make such destruction in 1966 with a chasing rifle, envision what might occur these days with the new innovation and gatherings of composed wrongdoing, for example, psychological oppressors. Cops don't have the preparation to manage hazardous prisoner circumstances. Nor do cops can kill psychological militant dangers, or stifle intensely outfitted hoodlums. Specialized squads are a need for the insurance of guiltless American residents. One primary motivation behind why cops are deficient for completing SWAT obligations is their preparation and capacities. Smack officials are prepared explicitly to fill in as a group, for the most part comprising of four officials, to complete their obligations in the quickest route conceivable, with without a doubt the most association in some random circumstance, and to do as such with the exceptionally least number of losses feasible. Colleagues need to gel and work all together unit and this is practiced via preparing, preparing, and more training†(http://ezinearticles. com/? The-Swat-Teamid=646368). Smack Training or Tests incorporate a composed test, wellness test, guns test, survey board, and mental assessment. The wellness test comprises of greatest seat press rep, most extreme leg press rep, most pushups obtained inside one moment with immaculate structure, greatest sit-ups came to inside a brief timeframe, a planned 1. 5 mile run, 300 yard run, and 150 lb sham activities are the absolute minimum. A few groups have increasingly troublesome wellness preparing or tests that can even include swimming. The guns test comprises of target obtaining drills, fast discharge arrangements drills, shooting moving drills, and mechanical information on weapon activity testing. Audit board is an activity or test to check whether the individual can â€Å"think on their feet and increase knowledge into their reasonableness for task. A lot of data might be picked up from an applicant including character type, the measure of planning they put into testing, their capacity to fill in as a feature of a group, and their degree of duty. A few meetings may likewise require the competitor make an introduction on a SWAT-related topic† (http://www. specialoperations. com/Domestic/SWAT/swattraining. html). Extraordinary Weapons and Tactics groups are accessible as needs be each hour of consistently, in any event, when considered â€Å"off duty†. Smack obligations are all of high hazard, requiring SWAT officials to be an individual that isn't bothered effectively, and with a significant level of development. What’s extraordinary about SWAT officials is that they are regularly cops also. You read Police and SWAT Teams in classification Papers Police officials that fit the measures are prepared to be SWAT officials. At the point when a circumstance requiring the SWAT calling is introduced, at that point the officials of the Special Weapons and Tactics group are called upon. This implies in addition to the fact that you have a SWAT group, however you get all around prepared officials on the job until their SWAT obligations call. Smack obligations incorporate, however are not restricted to, â€Å"Sniper Situations, Barricaded Suspects, Hostage Situations, Dignitary Protection, Civil Disturbance, Search Arrest Warrants, Armed Suspect, Narcotics Raids, Anti Terrorism† (http://www. hollywoodpolice. organization/special_units/swatteam. tm). It is plain to see, that SWAT groups are not around for coordinating traffic or quieting household debates, however just genuine and savage conditions that include high pressure and should be disposed of as fast and securely as could reasonably be expected. Be that as it may, preparing to be a cop is vastly different than preparing to be a SWAT official, sim ilar to their obligations. Police officers aren’t tried about as much for physical capacity, how well they can â€Å"think on their feet† or issue unravel quick and proficiently, or even how well they can shoot. Cops are prepared to perform or deal with circumstances that most probable incorporate, â€Å"conducting watch obligations by walking and via vehicle and bike, reacting to calls and demands from people in general to help, household debates, flames and open issue, going to street related occurrences including crash scenes, vehicle check focuses and traffic offenses, conveying demise and clinic messages to families, leading beginning examinations, gathering proof, taking proclamations, talking with suspects and casualties just as witnesses, looking through people or individual property like vehicles, and directing arrests† (http://www. rospects. air conditioning. uk/p/types_of_job/police_officer_job_description. jsp). If one somehow managed to look, one would find that cops are not equipped for even the fundamental SWAT circumstance. Police preparing essentially doesn’t get ready officials to complete SWAT obligations capably, if even by any means. Basically, cops are aro und to keep the harmony and keep major circumstances from breaking out. As a rule, police officers are here to, â€Å"protect and serve† (http://ezinearticles. com/? Obligations of-a-Police-Officerid=1835924). Imagine a scenario in which the harmony is now gone, and can never again be kept. What happens when ensuring and serving isn’t enough, for the individuals of America are as of now in harm’s way? That is the center explanation behind the presence of SWAT groups all around the United States. At the point when the major circumstances discover ways around the barrier of the police power and present themselves, it is then that SWAT, Law Enforcement’s best resistance, is called upon by the individuals of America for assurance. Another motivation behind why SWAT groups are required, and cops alone are insufficient, is this day and age we live in. In 1966, only one man had the option to cause a commotion with only a munititions stockpile of, â€Å"three rifles, a sawed-off shotgun, two handguns, many rounds of ammo, a five gallon holder of water, a few sandwiches, and a container of gasoline†(Captain Robert L. Day off. 1-7). The police power couldn't stop one man before he haphazardly killed over twelve honest individuals passing by the University on a delightful summer day, and twisted near forty casualties getting a charge out of the sun. There is no doubt as far as I can say that on the off chance that cops were insufficient, at that point, they are insufficient at this point. It is particularly important that we don’t simply rely upon the police power now as we backed at that point do to the new innovation. On the off chance that the occasions of august first 1966 were to reoccur in the present with our new assets and improved

Critique The Mommy Tax by Ann Crittenden Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Study The Mommy Tax by Ann Crittenden - Essay Example Quite, Crittenden’s points of view with respect to this announcement reach out past these prior contemplations as she furthermore contends that this pay dissimilarity is connected to the women’s job as potential mother. She contends that one of the focal wants of the working environment is have laborers that are totally unhampered with the goal that they can be altogether committed to their business. Ladies at that point present a test to this worldview as though they have or may kids they could be thwarted in their activity obligations. For Crittenden then this comprises a ‘mommy tax’. She accepts that social activists should address this additional assessment in ace dynamic manners. Crittenden further reprimands this salary uniqueness from an assortment of points of view. She explains her own experience having kids and having missed out of a lot of pay. Moreover she noticed that people in the most lucrative employments face the extraordinary difficulties as they have the most aptitude and duty contemplations. She takes note of that such differentiations among people have existed at any rate as ahead of schedule as the Bible. In current practice they take on a lot of significance as ladies who are childless make more than ladies who have youngsters. There are various further contributing components that scientists have recognized. One thinks about that generally working environments shun paying maternity leave. Regularly mother’s work low maintenance and are accepted to have a recreational mentality towards work. At last, Crittenden contends that the administration ought to broaden money related advantages towards mother, too build up an increasingly extensive interpretation of hostile to biased practices. While Crittenden’s acknowledgment that there is a duty on moms in the work place is legitimate, it appears that such an assessment is an in-conceived some portion of the money related framework. In such matters, moms genuinely contribute not as much as people that are less burdened by

The Stars Look Very Different Today

The Stars Look Very Different Today When I was fifteen, in the summer between tenth and eleventh grades, I spent three weeks at nerd camp. I was what multiple exes have described as too goddamn independent and my mother, much as I love her, was a wee bit very overprotective. The program satisfied her need to have me in a rigorous academic environment and my need to be really, really far away from home for a bit. One afternoon that summer, while about eight of us were hanging out in one persons room after class, someone put on David Bowies Space Oddity. Everyone in the room sang along to the entire song as loudly as they could â€" except me, having never heard it before because eh, who cares why? Its not central to this story. I listened and watched as this happened, amazed at how well a single song had made everyone around me feel like maybe maybe mayyyyyybe they finally werent the only oddball around anymore. This happened at least three more times before the end of the program. By the fourth time, I could sing along with everyone else straight through. On Monday morning, my Facebook feed featured three different people from that room saying, Planet Earth is blue, and theres nothing I can do. When I was seventeen, about a month after coming to MIT, my friend Hanna 10 and I started a radio show at the campus station, WMBR. That show is now in its tenth year; Hannas gone off to New York for grad school, but Im stuck around because my jobs have been here, my med school is here, and they havent kicked me off the air yet. Sometme around 2010, we played David Bowies Oh! You Pretty Things during a set. (Or 2009? 2011? Ive been doing this a while, hes my third-most played artist, and the exact year is not important to this story.) Someone called us about thirty seconds in and said, Yeah, I have a request? We can help you out! I replied. Just give us a second. Weve gotta take care of something. Without putting the line on hold, I placed the receiver on the counter and Hanna and I sang at full volume into the middle of the soundproof control room: Ohhhhhh youuuuu pretty thiiiiiings Dont you knowwwwww youre driiiiivin your maaaaamas and papas insaaaaane LET ME MAKE IT PLAIN GOTTA MAKE WAY FOR THE HOMO SUPERIO-HOOOR! I picked up the receiver again and said, thanks for holding! What can we play for you? The caller said, After that? Nothing. Thats better than the thing I was gonna ask for. Between Monday morning and now, David Bowie has been played on WMBR 126 times on 28 different shows by 24 different people. They are students, staff members, alumni, and members of the Boston community. They are between their teens and their sixties. They are DJs. They are what they play. When I was nineteen, in October of my junior year, I was learning to live with somebodys depression. (I did not want to live with somebodys depression.) Towers in Senior House threw its annual Glam Rock party, a reliable excuse to order an obscene quantity of glitter from Oriental Trading, put on your red shoes, and dance the blues. Every year by 1 AM, everyone in the suite is just hugging everyone else in the room and singing along to Five Years. There was a moment during Glam Rock 08 when we were listening to the middle third of Diamond Dogs; Sweet Thing into Candidate into Sweet Thing (Reprise) is eight glorious minutes of music that should really just be listened to straight through. (I have subjected my listeners to this on the air several times.) I suggest we all just take the time to do that right now. Ill wait. On this evening, someone co-opted the speakers midway through Candidate to put on a Mott the Hoople track. (Or Roxy Music? Or Mick Ronson? Or even another Bowie song? Surprise: the exact song aint relevant to this story.) WHAT?! COME ON, I said, at the same time as a single other person in the room. Someone else understood what sacrilege this was. On Monday morning, I sent Dan 04 an email that read, in its entirety, Sweet Thing Candidate Sweet Thing. Were both feeling pretty down this week. Sometime between Monday evening and Tuesday morning, these appeared in and outside Lobby 7:       (photo credit: Petey) It would not be a stretch to say that David Bowie would have fit in at MIT pretty well. His 50 years of creative work repeatedly said something the people here also tend to believe: It is okay to be the weird kid in the room. You are not the only weird kid in the room. You do not have to hide the things about you that make you the weird kid in the room. Tell me your David Bowie stories, and feel free to rock and roll with me while you do it.

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn Summaries Honors English 1

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Summaries Honors English 1 Ansh Patel Chapter 1 The book begins with the Huck Finn stating that he was a character in a different book â€Å"The Adventures of Tom Sawyer†. Huck says that the author Mark Twain mostly told the truth in that book, but also threw a couple stretchers in there. He talks about how he and Tom found 6,000 dollars each from inside of a cave. Their earnings were taken by the local judge, Judge Thatcher, and put into a bank account. The money now gains a dollar a day from interest. Later a widow adopts Huck and makes him a part of her family. She has a whole list of rules for Huck to follow. Huck hates staying there and yearns to leave. He however stays because Tom has told him†¦show more content†¦They sign with blood and soon they all go home. Huck makes it home and back in bed just before dawn. Chapter 3 After punishing Huck for getting his clothes dirty during the night out with Tom, the widow tries to explain a prayer to him. Huck however gives up on it fairly quickly for it did not answer any of his requests. Meanwhile a rumor is going around about Huck’s Pap, who he has not seen in a year, being found dead. The corpse was found in a river, thought to be Pap because of its â€Å"ragged† appearance. The face, however, was unrecognizable. After a month the boys decide to give up on Tom’s gang, since they hadn’t killed anyone nor robbed anyone. They decided to play a different kind of game in which they invaded an area and took their possessions. Tom told Huck about a picnic area where there was a caravan full of Arabs and Spaniards. However kept Huck insisting it was a Sunday-school picnic. They finally attack but only come out with a few doughnuts and jam. Huck starts to think that most of Tom’s stories have been lies. Chapter 4 Over the next few months, Huck begins to adjust to his new life and even makes some progress in school. One winter morning, he notices boot tracks in the snow near the house. Within one heel print is the shape of two nails crossed to ward off the devil. Huck immediately recognizes this mark and runs to Judge Thatcher. Huck sells his fortune to the Judge for a dollar. That night Huck goes to Jim and tells

Essay about It Is A Bad Idea To Legalize Marijuana

The Legalization of Marijuana Yes, I believe it is a great idea to legalize marijuana. What a great idea! Think of all the good benefits that could come about. The government could tax marijuana like they do tobacco, and it could help our economy out. Think of all the money that could be gathered with this taxing. The prison and jail populations would decline simply because a number of people in prison are there solely because of a marijuana conviction. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This would cost tax payers a lot less money, simply because it costs about twenty-seven thousand dollars a year to keep one person in prison. Thats just one person, and think of all the people in prison because of a marijuana conviction. Thats more than a†¦show more content†¦It can benefit us substantially with proper selling and buying. Hey we might as well legalize marijuana, because everyone is doing it anyway. If it was legal, you wouldnt have to hide it, or worry about smoking it. People would probably still look down on you for smoking marijuana, but you could look at them and say quot;hey at least its legal.quot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;No, what an absurd idea it is to even think about legalizing this horrendous drug-marijuana. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Everyone knows that marijuana is a gateway drug and can lead to other drugs, such as cocaine, LSD, heroin, the list goes on and on. Do you really want your kids smoking marijuana and trying other drugs? I dont think so. People would become so addicted to drugs that they would spend all of their money on it and eventually have to start stealing and pawning things just to help their ridiculous addiction. The crime rate would increase. The murder rate would double because of fiends losing their minds and going on a killing spree. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;If marijuana was legalized, everyone would be stupid, because you know as well as I do that potheads are the dumbest people, next to crack heads of course. Marijuana smokers have a short term memory. Who knows, your adolescent pothead could easily turn into an adult coke head or a crack head perhaps. MarijuanaShow MoreRelatedLegalization of medical marijuana at the federal law Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesWhy should marijuana be legalized? Marijuana can be argued for different reasons. In my case I will be arguing the medical purposes for legalizing marijuana. Marijuana has positive features, and how people prefer using marijuana. Marijuana helps individuals get through a variety of things that they suffer. Marijuana provides relief from pain, rather than other medications out there. Many individuals prefer marijuana over anything else to relax. An argument on why people using marijuana spend moreRead MoreRunning Head : Legalize Marijuana1528 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: Legalize Marijuana Pro-Legalization of Marijuana in California Mirna Abujudeh CSUSB Mary Dolan PSYCH 105 T/R Intaking Marijuana for Medical Purposes Should be Legal for the Sick and Ill in California Marijuana has been achieving euphoria for humans since ancient times; the use spread from China to India and then to North Africa and Europe as early as A.D. 500. Cannabis is said to contain over 400 different chemicals, the main ingredient that impinge the mind is THC. TheRead MoreEssay on Research on Legalizing Marijuana1492 Words   |  6 PagesLegalize It Lobdell 1 Legalize It Legalizing Marijuana has been a controversial and extremely volatile topic ever since the 1970’s. Many people hold strong beliefs regarding this topic and the subsequent laws that have been passed in certain states for the use of the recreational drug. However, marijuana is not just a recreational drug, but has many different wonderful medical purposes for the American people. Marijuana should be legalized for recreational and medical purposes throughout this countryRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana Should Not Be Beneficial1240 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana is such a growing debate in the United States, whether it’s on television, in the classroom, or in your own kitchen; you may find yourself debating about it with someone. You are either for it, against it, or indifferent. Either way you still have an opinion of some sort about the legalization of marijuana. Christopher Beach and William Bennett are no different. The release of their article on called â€Å"Legalize Juggernaut† on WeeklyStandard.com timing is perfect sinceRead MoreIt Is Time to Legalize Marijana1700 Words   |  7 PagesLegalize It! Growing up, everyone is told that, â€Å"Drugs are bad for you,† time and time again. Now as a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana Legalize; Yea or Nay? Why is pot illegal? Kevin O’Leary an Entrepreneur, Investor, and TV Personality states, â€Å"You either make it illegal, in which case you support a huge underground economy, or you tax it within the limits people can afford.† The legalization of pot will give a wider access for medical use, it will give a boost to the economy, more effective criminal justice and law enforcement, and it has multipurpose value. The country is currently divided on the issue of legalizationRead MoreEssay about Marijuana Should Not Be Legalized680 Words   |  3 PagesMarijuana is a green or brown mix of preserved, crushed leaves from the marijuana plant. A psychoactive drug, marijuana contains fifty-percent more tar than tobacco. Smoking the harmful plant can damage the brain, lungs, and the male reproductive system and may escalate the effects of epilepsy and psychosis (Kahler, 1988). Within campus colleges and universities, there are a lot of students who are using marijuana recreatio nally. Long-term marijuana use can induce negative effects on short-term memoryRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana: the financial, medical, social, and political benefits1349 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Brandon Smith Professor Gregor ENGL 1102 21 April 2014 Legalization of Marijuana: the financial, social, medical, and political benefits. The legalization of marijuana has been a topic of debate for many years. This may be because of the cultural diversity that the United States of America is known for. Recently, bills were passed in Colorado and Washington to implement the legalization and regulation of recreational marijuana use. These events along with the ever growing popularity of the drug inRead More Legalization of Marijuana Essay592 Words   |  3 Pages Marijuana   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marijuana is a big topic these days. Many people want to make sure that marijuana stays illegal. Yet they do not know all the facts about marijuana. They just think that marijuana is bad. I believe that marijuana should be made legal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, marijuana refers to the dried leaves and flowers of the cannabis plant, which contain the narcotic chemical THC at various potencies. It is smoked or eaten to produce the feeling of being high. Marijuana has been used forRead MoreDrugs Case For Legalizing Marijuana By Gore Vidal Case Study744 Words   |  3 Pagesessay, Drugs: Case for Legalizing Marijuana†, Gore Vidal argues his solution, to legalize all drugs along with marijuana, to end drug addiction. Marijuana along with other drugs should not be legalized because they will cause more harm than good, begin leading to drug after drug, and would forever affect the world. Drugs aren’t just bad for some people, they are bad for everyone. Vidal states â€Å"Label each drug with a precise description of what effect-good or bad- the drug will have on whoever takes

Teachings of the Buddha Free Essays

Buddhism is has always been considered a religion and a philosophy by its followers and believers. Its origin and widespread practice in Asia notwithstanding, Buddhism has been quite adaptive to many cultures that it has encountered. For centuries Buddhism practices had only been restricted to the Asian countries and although it exhibit variations in various Asian countries, there are still some common features witnessed across these cultures. We will write a custom essay sample on Teachings of the Buddha or any similar topic only for you Order Now Coming to the west, Buddhism and its believers have faced many challenges to incorporate their practices into the cultural norms of the west. However, whether Buddhism can adapt to the attitudes and values of the western countries and still maintain its unique philosophy is the ongoing question among religious scholars. This paper will examine the background of Buddhism and its importance to the current adherents in the United States where there are many diverse cultures. I had a chance to attend a Buddhist pre-wedding ceremony – well, it looked like one. I am told Buddhism is all about simplicity and all its practices and rituals reflect the same. Unlike other religious wedding ceremonies, the Buddhist wedding is nothing but simple and has no pomp and color. It comprises virtually no rituals as we would expect of a wedding ceremony. Their marriages are focused more on the faith and belief between consenting individuals than any other thing. Buddhists are more inclined on ensuring a lasting and harmonious relationship is created between couples seeking each in marriage. I was also told that Buddhists do not compel their followers to undergo some compulsory rituals before marriage and that the decision as to whether to go the courts for marriage or to the few registered temples solely lies with the couple. Nevertheless, a Buddhist wedding would involve two parts; the first part involves engaging in hearty prayers accompanied by offering gifts to the monks and the almighty. And it is during this process that couples are expected to make vows of understanding and faithfulness. The second part which is regarded as a non-Buddhist component consists of all traditional practices which are followed by the specific families of the couple and may involve attending the spirit house for prayers, a feast or gift exchange. Back to the pre-wedding I attended. The ceremony as you make call it, took place at the groom’s family home. I was shocked that the marriage ceremony was very simple unlike any other wedding ceremony I had attended before. There are no strict religious rules or regulations and unlike other religions where such ceremonies are regarded as religious affairs, Buddhists’ ceremony is purely a social affair. There was a small feast organized by the groom’s families over which gifts were exchanged and people chatted freely and without any formal procedures in the entire duration of the ceremony. After the pre-wedding ceremony the couple was declared wife and husband by a friend of the groom’s family and the congregation dispersed thereafter. The couple was told to decide whether to visit a temple or go to court the following day to secure a marriage certificate. When the ceremony was almost over, I secure a moment a friend of the groom and asked him a few questions regarding Buddhism and here is the excerpt of our talk. 1. Is your religion an actual way of life for you? How integral is it to your daily life? Shimano Roshi: Very important to me. One of the fulfilling aspects of my religion is that it helps me to understand the true nature of life and the universe. Again, it does not only teach me to respect others but also to be tolerant of other people’s way of life. 2. What are some of the main practices, or daily components of your religion? Shimano Roshi: Normally Buddhist prayers in the temples would involve monks reciting the suttas and preach as well. However, there are variations across Buddhists traditions. Personally, I do pay homage to our spiritual leader the Buddha and chant (recite the suttas) every morning and before going to bed. 3. What are some restrictions in your religion, if any, such as dietary, dress code, etc? Shimano Roshi: I don’t know about other religion but I know that Buddhism is one of the most accommodating religions in the world. Buddhism lays emphasis on peace and being harmless. While a dietician may tell you what to eat and a Muslim how to dress up, a Buddhist will tell you that you are what you think. we are define by our inner thoughts and not what we wear or eat. 4. What is the favorite aspect of your religion? Why? Shimano Roshi: To me there is no single aspect I may consider as my favorite because my religion is simply all embracing. 5. Do you feel that you are supported in your town, or in this country, practicing your religion, or do you feel any discrimination? Shimano Roshi: American had had problems earlier accepting us and our way of life but things have changed these days. It is quite common to see a black Buddhist in the temple, and people of different races are converting every day. I feel Buddhism has been embraced well by the Americans. 6. What is the most misunderstood element of your religion? Shimano Roshi: I don’t know, but if there is any then I think that is there own problem. What I believe is quite important to me to think of how others think about me. 7. Is it important to you that your family/children continue your religious practices/tradition? Shimano Roshi: Absolutely! Buddhism offers a good and stronger foundation for a healthy living both spiritually and physically with others and I would love to impart such teachings on my children. 8. Do you have any holy places or countries that are important to your religion and that you have been to? Why are they considered holy? Shimano Roshi: I have been to the Gangetic plains in northern India and an area in southern Nepal. Buddhist visit this place because Gautama Buddha, our spiritual leader lived and taught there and therefore we believe the place is much connected with his life. 9. What do you think is most unique about your religion in relation to other religious traditions? Or do you feel there are more similarities? Shimano Roshi: Just like Christian religion, Buddhism has got sects, traditions, lineages, schools and many other smaller groups. It has evolved over the centuries and some even more reformed than others. However, one unique thing in Buddhism is the Enlightenment process. 10. If there were only one thing about your religion that you could share with the world, what would it be? Shimano Roshi: Simplicity! We relate with one another and approach the daily living with utmost simplicity while we are still devoted to our almighty Overview Buddhism its unique combination of religious and philosophical teachings encompasses a number of beliefs, traditions and practices derived from the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama or Buddha ‘the awakened one†. According Buddhist, Buddha lived in northeastern part of India between 6th and 4th centuries BCE. His followers recognized him as an awakened one who used his knowledge to assist the sentient beings avoid suffering (dukkha), attain nirvana and finally escape the cycle of suffering and rebirth (Robinson Willard, 1970). The religion has two main braches namely; the Theravada – the school of the elders and the Mahayana – the great vehicle. Theravada is considered the oldest surviving branch and enjoys a wide following in Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka. The Mahayana on the other hand has a heavy presence in East part of Asia and involves the traditions of Zen, Tibetan Buddhism, Pure Land, Shigon, Nichiren Buddhism, Tendai and Shinnyo-en (Fisher, 1997). Vajrayana which is a branch of Mahayana is sometimes categorized as the third branch of Buddhism. While it has always been considered a religion of the Asian countries, Buddhism is today found in every part of the world. According to the recent estimates, the Buddhists in the world are numbering about 230 million to 500 million which the religion the fourth largest in the world. Different schools of Buddhists have different interpretation of the path to freedom, the importance and understanding of the scriptures and teachings, as well as different practices. However, the foundation of Buddhist practices and traditions are primarily based on the Three Jewels; the Buddha, the Dharma (also known as the teachings), and the Sangha (also known as the community) (Fisher, 1997). Adhering to the three jewels is considered a declaration as well as commitment to the ways of the Buddha and generally distinguishes a follower from a non-Buddhist. Other rituals would depend on a particular branch of Buddhism and include practices like ethical precepts, meditation, monastic communal support, renunciation of conventional living and becoming a monastic, cultivation of spiritual wisdom and discernment, devotional practices, studying of scriptures and invocation of Buddha and bodhisattvas common among the Mahayana followers (Keown Prebish, 2004). Conclusion Buddhism will continue penetrate other cultures because of philosophical and religious nature. The three Jewels of Buddhism are all-encompassing and answers most of our problems. The Buddha provides us with the spiritual nourishment; the dharma provides ideas for our most controversial issues like abortion and bioethics while sangha provides understanding of our social life and world. Buddhism is not only the way of life a few Asian population but would continue to spread due to its more embracing and simplistic nature. References Fisher, M. P. (1997). Living Religions: An Encyclopedia of the World’s Faiths. I. B. Tauris: New York. Keown, D. Prebish, C. S. (eds. ) (2004). Encyclopedia of Buddhism, Routledge: London Robinson, R. H. Willard L. J. (1970; 3rd ed. , 1982). The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction Wadsworth Publishing: Belmont, CA (Shimano Roshi, personal communication, July 25, 2010) How to cite Teachings of the Buddha, Papers

H E I D E G G free essay sample

Tocopherol R? S Metaphysics Essay, Research Paper H vitamin E I d e g g vitamin E R? s Metaphysicss and its application to Filipino? s PATRIOTISM and NATIONAL PRIDE Aim OF THE STUDY: 1.To be able for Filipino to cognize heidegger? s Metaphysics and use it to their mundane life. 2.To be able to cognize that the foundation of success is oneself 3. To be able to promote Filipino people to measure themselves ; 4.To be able to maximise Filipinos? good values and minimise their failing ; 5.To be able to develop subject and enterprises among Filipinos ; and 6. To be able to advance? love of work? , Patriotism and National Pride among Filipino people. Chapter ONE Introduction We are all travellers of this long journey, we call life. And as we travel, we aspire to travel someplace else. A topographic point where we think and believe we can win. And if that certain topographic point is non sufficient to offer the things we need, once more, we search for another topographic point to remain. We will write a custom essay sample on H E I D E G G or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A topographic point to seek our fortune. Another topographic point non like what we had stayed before? because it had failed us. It did non function our satisfactions. We do non desire to stay dead in a topographic point that has neglected us? Like Philippines? Most of the Filipino people think that this state could non be a right topographic point for earning, for endurance and even for life. Because they see Philippines as a hapless state that do non hold the possible to develop nor have the capacity to function its people. That is why some of our fresh alumnuss normally apply for a occupation abroad. Even if the occupation they apply for, do non necessitate a unmarried man grade certification. Or if in that occupation, what they have learned is non utile any longer? merely to gain for a life? they will wing to Hong Kong or Saudi Arabia as a maidservant or baby-sitter. They will take all the hazard. And that is besides why we ever ignore our state? s merchandise. And see it as a 2nd category. That has no value nor significance in our lives. That we normally name? baduy? . Then we choose the signatures # 8211 ; the richest state? s merchandises. Which the first category people normally wear or eat or purchase. We eat harmonizing to what they eat, and it? s a amusing thing that we besides eat harmonizing to how they eat. We talk the manner they talk. Uttering foreign linguistic communications that is really foreign to our native linguas that puzzles people about what we say. And even perplex them about our nationality. And sometimes? about our saneness. We imitate them. Because they are in. From hair colour to nail Polish, we like to be like them. Thinking that we will be accepted and be liked as good. To be known around the universe and win. And because we do non see any possible in this state, we subject ourselves to person we think is greater than we are. We consider ourselves as INFERIOR. We lose our individuality. We lose who we truly are. We become another individual we are non, because we neer want other people see us the manner we see our fellow Filipinos? the-out-among-the-ins and the-last-and-the-least. Which is a really sad narrative to hear. A narrative of people who allowed themselves be toxicated of foreign substances. That easy kills their Pride for themselves. They seemed had eaten the known Lotus Blossom of Greek Mythology that fades their memory of their ain individuality. They lack self-pride and the virtuousness of nationalism. That is why Filipino sees many errors of his ain land Why do Filipinos ever fault our state for their agonies? Why is it that because Philippines is non like Japan or America, Filipinos do non to desire to be Filipinos any longer? Why? Our state? s inability to assist us is the usual ground we used to warrant our being submissive to foreign states. ? Wala kasing buhay SA Pilipinas! ? , as we normally say. We find many fouls towards our political and economic systems. We see every individual errors of our authorities and of our state that we fail to detect the most of import portion of development and advancement? our ain egos. As charity begins at place, and so is cognition. Before adult male can trust to cognize other people and other things, he must foremost cognize himself. And adult male can perchance cognize himself merely if he can separate and grok his individualism. Filipinos like other subjects have their strength and failings. But the job is rarely know these. Some do non hold a clear image of our ain? as a consequence, we still do non cognize what awaits us all. Filipinos are possible being who has many resources that needs to be utilized for his betterment. But Filipinos do non give much clip in analysing these things which are really good to them. But if we give ourselves opportunity to hold a face-to-face brush with ourselves, we can maximise our strength. And develop the things which we are non good at and happen declarations for our improvement. As Socrates said: ? An Unexamined life is non deserving populating. ? We call for alterations. Indeed, we must. As Patricia Licuanan ( Schwenk.1989:13 ) has said, cognizing and understanding ourselves is the first measure. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Because Filipinos indulge themselves simply on the accomplishments of their desires and wants, Without cognizing their capablenesss to accomplish it or non, they tend to travel a measure in front, without analysing the every stairss that they make. And if they fail on making the extremum, they stop for seeking and loses hope to happen another manner to get down all over once more. The survey efforts to depict the positive and negative behaviour of the Filipino people. 1. ) What are the positive behaviours of the Filipino people that should be strengthened and valued? 2. ) What are the negative behaviours of the Filipino that we can see as hinderances to our state? s development? 3. ) What specific schemes or doctrine can be used or applied to extinguish Filipinos negative behaviour and heighten their strength? THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FILIPINO Peoples Lack of subject NATIONAL PRIDE Being-unto-death Colonial Mentality Patriotism Authentic Being HEIDEGGER? S DASEIN Legend: Feature IF BEING APPLIED WILL Result TO Hypothesis The writer hypothesized that: 1. ) Filipinos qualities have two dimensions: The Positive or the strengths and Negative or failings. The Strengths of Filipinos are ? PAKIKIPAGKAPWA-TAO ? FLEXIBILITY, ADAPTABILITY and CREATIVITY ? ABILITY TO SURVIVE And the Failings are as follows: ? LACK OF DISCIPLINE a.BAHALA NA SYNDROME b.NINGAS COGON c.LACK OF INITIATIVE ? COLONIAL MENTALITY a.PASSIVITY and b.LACK OF SELF ANALYSIS and SELF REFLECTION 2. ) Martin Heidegger? s Metaphysics is Dasein which is: ? AN AUTHENTIC BEING AND A BEING-ANTICIPATING-DEATH 3. ) Martin Heidegger? s DASEIN is applicable and helpful towards development of Filipino values particularly in instilling PATRIOTISM and NATIONAL PRIDE through deciding Filipino? s deficiency of subject and Colonial Mentality. 4. ) That Heidegger? s Metaphysics of DASEIN could be an alternate solution and efficient scheme to Filipino jobs about economic advancement. SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS The survey discusses the qualities of Filipino people which are responsible for their development and advancement as a individual and as a society. These qualities are PAKIKIPAGKAPWA-TAO, FLEXIBILITY, ADAPTABILITY, CREATIVITY and ABILITY TO SURVIVE, which the writer sees as helpful for Filipino people in viing among other states. And the other qualities, like LACK OF DISCIPLINE and COLONIAL MENTALITY that hinders them to win and accomplish their end in life. Filipinos, in order to win is to cognize these qualities. Without being cognizant of these qualities they have, one could non perchance maximise the good or avoid the evil qualities. Therefore, the application of Metaphysics of Martin Heidegger is an of import doctrine which the writer sees as utile for Filipino people for them to be able to find one from the other. The survey focuses on how Heidegger? s Dasein can decide Filipino jobs toward their subject and colonial outlook in order to advance nationalism and national pride. DEFINITION OF TERMS Anticipation- the feeling of looking frontward. Change- alteration for improvement Dasein- Heidegger? s metaphysics Death- status or quality of being dead. Filipino- person who was born in the Philippines or who has Filipino citizenship. Imitation- man-made, intended as a transcript of something, or non echt. Heidegger, Martin- ( 1889-1976 ) , German philosopher, who developed experiential phenomenology and has been widely regarded as the most original 20th-century philosopher. Heidegger was born in Messkirch, Baden, on September 22, 1889. Patriotism- pride in or devotedness to the state person was born in or is a citizen of Pride- the right degree of regard for the importance and value of your personal character, life, attempt or accomplishments. Submit- to give in to somebody? s authorization, control or demands Success- accomplishment of something Chapter TWO STUDY OF RELATED LITERATURE ? The Phony State? ( p.1-10 ) in Ang Konsepto ng Lipunan ni Renato Constantino by Dr. Mark Edwin Aspra Harmonizing to the writer as he narrated Constantino? s doctrine about society, our state is bogus or hypocrite. The ground why he name our society hypocrite is because people populating in this state tries to populate harmonizing to what he sees and imitates to other people. That Filipino do non hold an original construct of life but all are borrowed from other states. That Filipino people continue to deny their individuality. That our rules are brought out and was shaped by our colonial outlook. Harmonizing to the writer, our bogus society was rooted in our aspiration to be like the westerners. And because we used to copy other states, we tend to trust on them economically, politically and even intellectually. We become American extension. We act like as if we are American people. We freely submit ourselves unto them and give up our national values leting the American to determine and command us. For the writer, populating in a bogus society is like missing intent and do non hold a strong rule toward life. Our construct of Democracy mirrors how bogus our society is. Because until now, we consider our authorities as irresponsible to assist us and we do non believe in them as an establishments that could do us a better individual. We follow regulations non because we believe in what the authorities has implemented but merely because we are afraid of penalty. Until now, we do non see our authorities as our ain. The sort of outlook that we used to hold earlier. Corruptness as a cancerous disease in our society can be traced along our colonial outlook and harmonizing to the writer it can merely be cured through patriotism. We become corrupt because we try to copy others. But if we have a strong finding to alter by valuing our ain and populating a life of our ain, we can perchance destruct the antic position about life. ISIPANG KOLONYAL- BALAKID SA PAG-UNLAD Venancio Ramos De Los Reyes, Jr. The writer defines Colonial Mentality as believing that everything, from merchandises to people, that are from other state are better than our ain. Our desire to look like westerners when we blond our hairs, when we buy whitening merchandises, when we do noselift are some manifestations of holding colonial heads. The writer added that even in our main roads, coloniality among Filipinos can be seen when about of them wanted to have a auto which was from abroad. Most of us prefer to hold an imported good instead than merchandises made in Philippines. We have this thought that a merchandise coming from abroad seems effectual and has a greater value comparison to ours. Even in our commercials, in order for us to name the attending of the consumers, we even have to state that the merchandise we endorse was tested and approved abroad. Even in our athleticss, in our movie industry, colonial outlook had already stained in the cloth of every Filipinos? outlook. If we continue being this manne r, we can neer achieve advancement. Unless, we learn the demand to cognize ourselves and get down to love it. If we do non believe in ourselves, who else so will believe us? The writer stated that advancement and development Begin within us. That cipher will make that for us but with our ain enterprises and self rating, we can perchance turn and be a better individual. Autonomy by Ralph Waldo Emerson ? Envy is ignorance. Imitation is suicide. ? The essay Self-Reliance tackles about human being? s pursuit for independency and self-realization, through self- trust. But there are hinderances or obstructions to accomplish it. And these are conformance, deficiency of trust on oneself, imitations, and incompatibility. Man will neer cognize what he can make until he tries and will neer be relieved unless he puts his bosom into his work and done his best. Because work forces measure their regard of each other by what each has and non by what each is, they end up being unhappy and discontented. The gold Thor added that we find easy to populate after the universe? s sentiment. When we accords toward what society dictates but he said, great adult male is he who in the thick of the crowd supports with perfect sugariness the independency of purdah. I AM NATURE? S GREATEST MIRACLE by Og Mandino ? I will win? for I am alone. I am nature? s greatest miracle. ? If we have this thought, success is neer impossible to make. The essay teaches us that adult male is alone among his brothers. That cipher can walk and speak and travel and believe precisely the manner one does. Cipher has the ability to double one? s ability and strength for adult male is rare and he has to value his rareness. Because he is so, valuable. Man? s accomplishment and head will stagnate, putrefaction and decease if one do non set it in good usage but merely subject himself to others. Man has unlimited potencies. But merely a little part of this potency is felt because merely small attempt is exerted. Work forces are here for a intent, and that intent is to turn. Growth means applications of all attempt to go person non to trust one? s development to others. Man should non be deceived of what he sees but has to be acute to see what is in his interior and recognize that he is the nature? s greatest miracle. Chapter THREE Methodology Although many surveies had already been done about Filipinos patriotism and nationalism, the writer still see the demand for another extra treatment on the subject and efforts to present some not-so-mentioned-strategy toward Filipinos development. The writer chooses the subject and Philosophy of Martin Heidegger for she believes this doctrine is relevant and important that could somehow assist her fellowmen to recognize their defects and enhances their potencies. The chief beginnings of informations for this survey were from reappraisal of some related literature about Filipinos colonial Mentality and submissive to foreign state and some survey that besides tackles the same subject. The writer used descriptive method in this survey. The writer went to several libraries to research for necessary stuffs that she will utilize in this survey. These libraries includes Dasmarinas Library and Aklatang Emilio Aguinaldo where she found some treatments included in the survey. The writer besides surf the cyberspace for a speedy entree on the stuffs she needs. Chapter FOUR Presentation OF DATA We are confronting a sedate national crisis in our state # 8211 ; Economic instability, offenses, corruptnesss of authorities functionaries, devaluation of peso, inundation, and poorness. These are all felt everyplace and the demand for advancement is the first end every Filipino want to accomplish right now at the earliest possible clip. We all need development. We all need prosperity and success for a well life. But we neer tried yearning for CHANGE. We long for a speedy advancement to raise our economic criterion yet we neer tried looking on what we truly necessitate for what we dream of. WE NEED CHANGE FOR A CHANGE. And this alteration can neer be attained if we do non alter as a community, as a individual. THE FILIPINOS? TRUE Color: Filipinos, among Asiatic race has many potencies and qualities to be proud of. Qualities that if merely being decently utilized will convey them success. 1.PAKIKIPAG-KAPWA TAO Filipinos are known to this attitude. They are unfastened to others and experience one with others. They are helpful and has concern for others. They value their friends therefore they begin to be loyal to them and see them with regard and unquestionable concern.. They show gratitude among their chaps and they can easy do friends. They will give and even offer their lives for other people. They will give every bit much as they have and will impart you assist even they have no longer nutrient to eat. Harmonizing to Licuanan, et al, this Pakikipagkapwa-tao of Filipinos brings out chumminess and feeling of intimacy to one another. And it is the foundation for integrity as wellas the sense of societal justness. 2.FILIPINOS ARE FLEXIBLE ? Unplanned or unforeseen events are neer excessively upseting or disorienting as the Flexible Filipino adjusts to whatever happens. ? One of the Filipinos properties which made Filipinos known abroad. Filipinos can execute any undertaking being given to him. They can switch one work from another with the same public presentation. They can easy set to the nature of work given to them. The consequence is productiveness, invention, and endurance. 3.ADAPTABILITY Filipinos can easy accommodate to another topographic point whatever the fortunes possibly. Wherever they go, they can easy larn the nature of the topographic point and the people populating in it, therefore doing them easy to populate and acquire along with them. The consequences are survival and enterpreneurship. 3.CREATIVITY Filipinos are originative and resourceful people. We are speedy scholars. Example of this is the Ifugaos? widely known Rice Terraces or Hagdan hagdan Palayan. They can do something out of what they can acquire from trees or rocks and pebbles. Filipinos have ever something in head which if merely being supported by the authorities can vie to foreign resources. Filipino merchandises are so more originative and more stylish than other merchandises. The consequences are innovations, productiveness and development. 4.ABILITY TO SURVIVE Because Filipinos are by nature combatant, whatever pains they have to travel through could non impede them to live.. Filipinos are survivor. They have been conquered by foreign states but still they get by to last. These certain qualities of Filipinos can take them to get the better of poorness. But because of incorrect readings and abuse of these qualities it has become their failings. And the Failings are as follows: 1.LACK OF DISCIPLINE Filipino lacks subject in their work. We have a insouciant and relaxed attitude toward clip and infinite. We have a hapless direction of our clip. We are disorganized when it comes to duties and compromisions. For the westerners, ? clip wasted is gone foreve? R but for Filipino, ? there is ever tomorrow? which is reflected in our axioms, ? Paglipas ng dilim, may umagang darating. ? ( Mercado.93:112-113 ) . The BAHALA NA SYNDROME are manifested in his attitude toward his work. Bahala na means go forthing affairs as they are go forthing nature to take its class. It is contraction of the word? bathala na? intending? God will take attention? . This shows Filipinos strong religion to their Godhead yet incorrect impressions such as predestinations, ? suerte? , ? Hawaiian dancing? , ? tadhana? were developed among Filipinos. Which led them to digest agonies, poorness calamity and enables them to accept hurting and defeats with tolerance. Another is NINGAS COGON. ( a grass fire ) . It means great enthusiasm of Filipinos to their work that marks the start of a undertaking or of a new organisation but the involvement finally dies down as yearss base on ballss by. This attitude gives them unfinished work and unattained success. Resulting to inefficiency and uneconomical work systems, hapless service and evildoings. Filipino? s laziness or? katamaran? were charged by Spaniards. ( Pilar.1981:48 ) For other people, this attitude brought out our poorness. Because Filipino LACKS INITIATIVE and aspirations they seldom achieve something. They have to wait to be told what has to be done. They ever rely on others. Particularly in the presence of authorization which they firmly submit themselves. Filipinos have little dreams therefore they have little accomplishments. Although Rizal refuted this charge as he explained that this perceptual experience merely came approximately because of Spanish colonisations, this attitude has become portion of Filipinos nature. 2. COLONIAL MENTALITY ? Filipinos have colonial outlook which is made up of two dimensions: the first is deficiency of PATRIOTISM or of an active consciousness, grasp and love of the Philippines ; and the 2nd is an existent penchant for things foreign. ? ( Schwenk. 1989: 17 ) . Filipinos are really inactive people. Indeed, they can easy accommodate and set to new environment yet Filipinos when they have already adjusted to a certain topographic point, they easy give in and integrate themselves to the nature of the society and bury their ain individuality. Sometimes, their impression of endurance is to be socially accepted and delight other people which led them to copy and want to be like other people which they think is? acceptable? . Filipinos submit their individuality to another individuality to be acknowledged and to win. Bing like the other is their perceptual experience as being? in? and desirable. Even in the manner one speaks, the colour of the tegument, the nutrient that they eat are all borrowe d to foreign states. This attitude of PASSIVITY among Filipinos was brought about their Lack OF SELF ANALYSIS and SELF REFLECTION. Filipinos rarely know themselves. That is why until now, rarely knows what they want in life. Almost of us long to win but the stairss to success were taken for granted because we do miss self rating and analysis. Knowing what we want is cognizing how to acquire them. And cognizing how to acquire them is cognizing our abilities and restrictions to accomplish it. But Filipinos do non cognize these and even seldom inquiry what they can make for them to win yet frequently prosecute to their dreams without analysing their capablenesss and base. Filipinos failings continue to shrivel our potencies. And it is really clear that we have much good in us but there is much more that needs to be changed. And if we do non make anything to get the better of these? it will non be our failing any longer? but will go our individuality. So what can we make to get the better of this? Is at that place any possibility that Filipinos can still alter and win? Possibly yes? If we merely be reliable as Martin Heidegger? s Dasein. THE METAPHYSICS OF MARTIN HEIDEGGER Heidegger was influenced by the pre-Socratics of Greek doctrine, by the Danish Soren Kierkegaard, and by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. His most of import and influential work, is Being and Time ( 1927 ) . Heidegger efforts to bring out the basic constructions of human existence-such as concern and mood-in virtuousness of which cognition and apprehension are possible. He said that we are self-interpreting, make up ones minding entities practically involved along with others in a universe that we have non made but that consists of possible utile things, including cultural every bit good as natural objects. And because these objects and artifacts come to humanity from the yesteryear and are used in the present for the interest of future ends, Heidegger posited a cardinal relation between the manner of being of objects and of humanity and the construction of clip. He argues that a individual? s usual apprehension is dictated by the anon. ? public? or? them? , and that the single authenticity-the chance of which is experienced in the province of anxiety-requires distancing from? them? and? resolutely? hammering one? s ain? undertakings? and position of things. The person is, nevertheless, ever in danger of being submerged in the universe of objects, mundane modus operandi, and the conventional, shallow behaviour of the crowd. This sense of possible individualism is reinforced by the sober acknowledgment of mortality, since a individual? s ain decease, and the manner he faces up to it, is something that is unambiguously his or her ain. Being The inquiry of being is considered otiose and is the most general and is indefinable. Bing seems to be already included in all that we grasp of things. But because of deficiency of apprehension of what being truly is, grave misconstruing arises. Yet for Heidegger, in the inquiry of being, the 1 who asks is himself a being. The inquisitor of being is already a being himself. By inquiring what being is, the inquisitor asks what he himself is. Heidegger believes, and with ground, that we can non trust to understand being without first of all understanding what we ourselves are. Man is the key to the apprehension of being. But the fact remains that non all work forces try to understand what they are or who they are. Therefore, Heidegger was compelled to group work forces into two categories: the reliable adult male ( Dasein ) and the unauthentic adult male ( das Man ) . DASEIN and DAS MAN Dasein is Heidegger? s manner of mentioning both to the human being and to the type of being that worlds have. It comes from the verb dasein, which means? to be? or? to be at that place, to be here? . The noun dasein is used by other philosophers, by Kant for illustration, for the being of entity. But heidegger restricts it to human being. And human being as a dasein is inquirers, pickers and self-producers. Dasein is possibility. And is anterior to his actuality. And has three features: He is hurdled into the universe and found at that place ( Befindlichkeit ) and realizes that he is thrown ( Geworfen ) and has more control over its ain being ; he understands ( Verstehen ) that while being abandoned in the universe, he has to recognize a hereafter. He hence must understand the ultimate connexion between an destitute, weakened yesteryear and an unrealized hereafter. Dasein is an entity that can make up ones mind whether to be or non to be. Yet can non go whatever it wants because circumstamces topographic points limitations on what one does. On the other manus, hyrax Man neer asks himself what he is, therefore does non hold a sense of forsaking. His being is that of ambiguity and his engagement is equivocal because he does even non cognize what he is or why he is. Alternatively of understanding which is characteristic of dasein, das Man is impelled by wonder and because of deficiency of true apprehension, his manner of address is that of idle or cockamamie addresss. He is non originative

Mat 201 Module 1 Essay Example

Mat 201 Module 1 Essay TUI THOMAS J. COBB MAT 201 Module 1 – Case Assignment Dr. Alfred Basta Mat 201 Module 1-Case Assignment Thomas J. Cobb 1. Suppose you have 4 nickels, 6 dimes, and 4 quarters in your pocket. If you draw a coin randomly from your pocket, what is the probability that: a. You will draw a nickel? The probability of someone drawing a dime would be 4/11 or 36%. b. You will draw a dime? The probability of some drawing a nickel would be 6/11 or 54% c. You will draw a quarter? The probability of someone drawing a quarter would be 4/11 or 36% 2. You are rolling a pair of dice, one red and one green. What is the probability of the following outcomes: a. The sum of the two numbers you roll from the dice is 11. There are 2 possible outcomes. 5,6/6,5 b. The sum of the two numbers you roll is 6. There are 5 possible outcomes. 1,5/5,1/ 3,3/4,2/2,4 c. The sum of the two numbers you roll is 5. There are 4 possible outcomes. ,4/4,1 /3,2/2,3 3. A glass jar contains 6 red, 5 green, 8 blue, and 3 yellow marbles. If a single marble is chosen at random from the jar, what is the probability of choosing a red marble? a green marble? a blue marble? a yellow marble? a. The red marble would have a 6/22 or 27% chance of being drawn. b. The green marble would have a 5/22 or 23% chance of being drawn. c. The blue marble would have an 8/22 or 36% chance of being drawn. d. The yellow marble would have a 3/22 or 14% chance of being drawn. We will write a custom essay sample on Mat 201 Module 1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mat 201 Module 1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mat 201 Module 1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

buy custom Bio 5th News Article essay

buy custom Bio 5th News Article essay HIV and AIDS is global pandemic. Many lives have been lost and approximately 40million people living with the HIV virus globally. The newsletter gives the meaning of HIV as human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.HIV virus is transmitted through different ways which include having unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner, from pregnant mother to the unborn child during pregnancy, during birth or when breastfeeding an infant, using unsterilized needles and contaminated blood transfusion. Sexual intercourse is the leading mode of HIV virus transmission .Once the HIV virus gets in to the blood stream it infects the CD4+T cells which are important in fighting infections. The virus attacks the CD4+T and reduces them from their normal count which normally ranges between 500-1800 cells per cubic millimeter (mm3), to a count below 200 cells per cubic millimeter. The viruses replicate themselves before the body reacts to them. The virus devel ops in different stages before it becomes full blown AIDS which is also the last stage. The first stage is the primary stage or window stage, the symptoms are mild fevers, headaches, muscle pains and sores. These symptoms disappear after a few weeks. The second stage is the seroconversion stae, at this stage there are no symptoms and one is physically healthy and can spread the HIV virus. The third stage is the asymptomatic stage; the person still looks healthy but can infect other people if they have unprotected sexual intercourse. If a person takes an HIV test he/she might get false results. The next stage is the symptomatic stage. At this stage of infection, a person develops, sores on the throat, mouth, anus and genitals, reddish, purplish brownish and pinkish batches on the skin, memory loss, depression, slight weight loss in women, tiredness, hair loss , recurring fever , extreme tiredness and profuse night sweats, diarrhea . This does not mean that each person infected develops the symptoms immediately; some may take up to twelve years to show these signs. The HIV virus multiplies and continues weakening the body immune system of a person giving way to opportunistic diseases. The person becomes immune deficient or has now developed AIDS, which is a short form of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The body can no longer fight opportunistic diseases such as; bacterial diseases like tuberculosis, pneumonia and blood poisoning, the body cannot also fight diseases caused by protozoans like toxoplasmosis, fungal diseases like candidiasis, and penicilliosis and viral diseaases like herpes simplex and herpes zoster which are more common in women than in men. These diseases develop at different times e, g malaria and pneumonia tuberculosis and herpes zoster occur in the early stages of the infection where else toxoplasmosis and PCP occur affecting major body organs. People with HIV/AIDS are more likely to get cancers like cervical cancer and Kaposis sarcoma and treatment using. The website gives different ways on how one can stay healthy even after testing positive. Once tested positive you should follow the prescription given by a medical provider which include antiretroviral therapy and treatment. The antiretroviral treatment prolongs the time between infection and onset of AIDS. Family and friends should provide emotional support and care for the infected person. HIV/AIDS epidemic has caused a great impact around the world .It has affected the economic growth in developing countries; many people can no longer go to work and a lot of funds have been diverted to fighting it. HIV /AIDS is a reality that all the people must accept so as to lead happy lives. This is because even if you are not infected you are affected and we should come to fight this epidemic. This can be done by protecting yourself when having sex and visiting health centers for testing and treatment. Buy custom Bio 5th News Article essay

Judgement and decision making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Judgement and decision making - Essay Example he function of GDP focuses on the economic advantage and understanding in order to provide appropriate actions and programs that will ameliorate and develop the economic state of the country for the betterment of the people. Consequently, with the use of GDP as a basis for economic legislations, a number of economists and researchers have implicated the role of GDP in measuring the well being among people (Harvie, Slater, Philip, & Wheatley, 2009; R. Brinkman & J. Brinkman, 2011). Samimi and Darabi (2011) noted that the connection of GDP and human well being is evidently seen on the economic situation of the people, whether they are in the best or worst condition. The GDP determines the revenues and liabilities of the country that flow internally and externally from the economic value of the country. Hence, the identification of the country’s GDP will help people to recognize ways and means to enhance and develop the economic condition of the country and in turn create beneficial effects to the people. Hence, the economic policies that mirror from the GDP will create an advantage and positive interest to the people in order to experience satisfaction and contentment in life (Osberg & Sharpe, 2002). van den Bergh (2009) implicated that GDP has a number of lapses when predicting the well being among the general population of the country. Generally, there are still other external factors that could predict the high level of subjective well being among people, and GDP is just of indicators to well being. Particularly, the GDP only focuses on the annual income of the country to forecast the well being of the people; however, the GDP cannot capture the ‘adaptation phenomenon’ that people will experience after they have adjusted to their lifestyle and condition in life. For example, people who felt happiness after winning the sweepstakes are more likely to fade the feeling of happiness after a period of time (Hilts, 1999). Hence, well being is not more about the

Strategy Implementation in Strategic Management Essay

Strategy Implementation in Strategic Management - Essay Example Moreover, the corporation is ISO 14001 certified, and this has acted to enhance its corporate image. A major weakness of Carnival Corporation is that it has amongst its fleets a lot of many old ships (Wheelen & Hunger, 2008). This has meant lost business at times, because their target market is the young travellers, and these prefer newer ships. Another weakness for the company could be the presence of too many members of the Arison family amongst the directors (six out of fourteen), and this could impact greatly on the corporate decisions of Carnival. An opportunity that Carnival Corporation may consider venturing more into is the cruise market in Europe, instead of concentrating more into the American market. This is because according to the cruise industry in Europe, this is one of the most lucrative routes. Furthermore, Carnival corporations could also wish to venture into the area of organising and facilitating visits to historical sites around the world, and include this addition into their package of services offered. The escalation in fuel prices poses a threat to Carnival, as this means that the corporation may have to raise its fares. Terrorist attacks, such as the one in September 2002, caused panic to the public, and this affected tourism. There is also occasion whereby virus attacks have infiltrated into the corporation’s server, thereby disrupting its programs, and affecting business immensely (Wheelen & Hunger, 2008). A number of legal tussles between, on the one hand, the corporation and on the other passengers have also been witnessed in recent years, and this could lead to a dented image of the corporation. In addition, some former employees have also sued the corporation, on the issue of unpaid overtime. In 2002, Carnival Corporation was charged $ 18 million as a result of counts of pollution by its ships (Levine, 2006) Carnival cruise line was founded in 1972, by  Ted Arison.  

What Does it Mean to be Healthy? Reflective Essay

What Does it Mean to be Healthy? Reflective Essay Health, like beauty, lies in the eyes of the beholder and a single definition cannot capture its complexity. To this end, this essay aims to explore what health means to me and how it has been influenced by the experience of coping with my mothers chronic illness. To me, health transcends the absence of disease to include the physical, psychological and social well-being of a person; it means the empowerment of the individual, and is the foundation of a fulfilling life; it also means caring about the people who care about you and whom you care about. Describe For a period of time, my mother has been complaining of pain in her joints, hips and more recently, her back. I always had a bad feeling that there was something sinister about her pain even though our general practitioner could not pinpoint anything serious after several differential diagnoses. However, as she has a family history of joint pains, I chose to be in a state of denial to her pain and attributed it to a genetic condition she had that would go away with time. However, that was not the case. My family observed that my mother was getting more emotionally irritable as time went by, and the nagging pain meant that she often found reasons not to take part in social activities that we organized. It got to the extent that she was constantly lying in bed and could not do her favourite activities, such as going to the market, without considering the amount of movements she would have to go through. The radiating pain also gave her sleepless nights and all these were taking a toll on her quality of life, among many other factors. It was debilitating. And as her daughter, I felt helpless. More so because I was studying medicine, and was plagued with the guilt of not being able to relieve the suffering of the person I loved the most. The persistent pain worsened and my family decided to consult a specialist for a second opinion. A tumour was suspected. While the specialist made his diagnosis, I was very worried for my mother. I tried to prepare myself mentally to cope with the worst case scenarios, and this affected me emotionally and psychologically. I had no one to turn to as I did not want to worry others, and was at a loss of what to do. The results later revealed that my mother was diagnosed with a benign tumour (spine haemangioma). The specialist said that it was the lesser evil because it was not malignant, but that she would feel chronic pain throughout her life. What provided comfort to my family was the knowledge that there were treatments available to contain the tumour through methods such as radiotherapy and physiotherapy. Reflect It pains me to know that the person I love would be put through suffering both from the disease and its treatment, and I wished I could be the one going through it instead. Upon reflection, I realize that I had not been dealing with my emotions effectively. The fear of finding out more and my escapist mentality had prompted me to create an internal barrier, such that I could not provide the care and support for my mother as I would have liked her to have felt. Health means the holistic wellbeing of a person Witnessing her chronic suffering has made me realise that health does not merely mean the absence of disease but it requires a more holistic view which encompasses the physical, psychological and social well-being of a person. I used to think of health as merely the absence of physical pain that arose from diseases, and to this extent, the physicians task of relieving suffering was merely to alleviate the immediate physical pain and discomfort. However the literature I was exposed to on the nature of suffering in ill persons made me come to the realisation of my limited understanding of the term suffering. Through my research to understand the multi-faceted dimension of a person, and what suffering entails, I hope to be able to better understand what my mother is going through (albeit only the tip of the ice berg). Health means the empowerment of the individual, and is the foundation for a fulfilling life As the Catalan proverb goes, from the bitterness of disease, man learns the sweetness of health. I have too often taken for granted the gift of health that empowers a healthy individual to pursue things that matter in life not only ones aspirations or happiness, but down to the little things that affects our everyday living. For instance, I have seen how the chronic pain influenced my mothers daily routine, and brought much discomfort when travelling or doing household chores. I have come to appreciate that health enables individuals to use their body as a vessel to fulfil their dreams and satisfy their needs without being tied down or be restricted by suffering. Health is thus the basis which enables people to pursue happiness and wealth, aptly worded by Elbert Hubbard, who said, If you have health, you probably will be happy, and if you have health and happiness, you have all the wealth you need, even if it is not all you want. It takes a loss of health to appreciate these words o f wisdom. Health means caring about the people who care about you and whom you care about I always thought of Health as merely a personal responsibility and a duty that an individual owed only to himself. However, this experience has prompted me to comprehend how the absence of health in individuals will affect the mental, social and physical health of their loved ones as well. Research, analyse and connect The academic literature available allows me to gain a deeper insight on what health means to me and allows me to make sense of my experience in a broader context through considering the perspectives of others. Through examining the concept of human suffering brought about by the absence of good health, I learnt about the distinction between suffering and pain. A person who is in pain may not feel a proportional sense of suffering it is similarly possible for one to suffer even in the absence of pain. (Sanders 2009) In light of my mothers chronic illness, I was prompted to examine the literature on human suffering which made me realised that my understanding of the word suffering was limited at best. While I had always aspired to be a doctor to relieve the pain and suffering of people, I was of the view that human suffering was synonymous with physical pain brought upon an ill person due to diseases. However, literature has shown that suffering goes beyond the physical pain, and suffering defined merely as pain, disregards the broader significance of the suffering experienced by the ill. (Charmaz 2008) Suffering includes physical pain, but it is not limited to it. It can be understood by examining the many aspects of a holistic person and when any of these aspects is threatened, suffering ensues. These aspects may include a persons past, his or her role in society, relationships with others, day-to-day behaviour, and perception of the future. (Cassell 2004) The persistent pain my mother experienced affected her ability to do things that she had long associated herself with, such as playing tennis or climbing the stairs. In addition, my mother may have seen herself as being defined by several societal roles, such as being a wife, mother, caregiver to her parents, and a useful member of society. If the pain overwhelms her and restricts her from fulfilling these roles, she may see herself as being less than whole, and this may contribute to her perpetual suffering. In considering the holistic person and the suffering which impacts upon the many aspects of a person other than physical afflictions, it confirmed my understanding that health should also mean the physical, psychological and social well-being of a person. By understanding the multiple aspects of a personhood, I now better appreciate why medical education is shifting its emphasis from the traditional reductionist biomedical model of medicine to the biopsychosocial model of health. The limitations of the biomedical model is that it treats diseases in terms of abnormal physical mechanisms (Engel 2002) and this is inadequate in relieving sufferings in patients, as we now understand it to transcend the physical mechanisms to also encompass the holistic well-being of a person. The implications of the failure of physicians to understand the nature of sufferings can lead to medical interventions that (though technically adequate) not only fails to relieve suffering but becomes a source of su ffering itself. (Cassell 2004) This reflective practice also gives me a timely opportunity to evaluate my emotions and thoughts against that of the wider community. Relevant academic studies have shown that chronic illnesses also has an impact of the lives of caregivers. (Jung-Won Zebrack 2004) The emotions and thoughts that I felt were validated by researchers that show that receiving news of the chronic illness of a loved one can provoke emotions such as sadness, denial, grief and guilt. This may be due to guilty feelings of not giving adequate support to the ill person or it could be due to the emotional pain of feeling the loss of a loved ones health. (McIntyre 2005) It is important to attend to the impact of chronic illness on caregivers as research has shown that the holistic health of a caregiver has the potential to influence the health outcomes of persons with chronic illness. (WE 1999) Suggested methods of coping with these emotions include talking to someone; being informed about the disease as it give s the caregiver a sense of control; and accepting that there is a limit to the relief that a caregiver can provide. (familydoctor.org 2010) Decide, act and evaluate In light of the reflective writing and the academic literature reviewed, I hope that this will help me to come to terms and cope with the negative emotions I felt since receiving news of my mothers tumour. I can approach this by confiding in someone I am comfortable with, confronting my escapist mentality by finding out more about my mothers spinal haemangioma, and being aware of the treatments that she is going through. Her treatment is likely to expand over a long period of time, and she would need much emotional support and love from me. I have to be open to discussions about her illness and not evade any conversation on the topic as I did before. This reflective practice has also helped me to be more understanding and sensitive to the suffering of patients and their families. As a medical student, I have been made aware that the suffering of patients extends beyond physical pain, and that it is necessary for physicians to focus on patient-centred medicine and attend to the biopsychosocial model of health. It is also important to be aware of the impact that caring for a chronic ill patient has on the caregiver. To this end, I can be proactive as a future practitioner in asking caregivers how they are coping, and provide them with support services that they can turn to. I have also realised the important roles that practitioners play in preparing caregivers for the transition of roles to care for the ill, and in helping them anticipate changes that may occur in their lives. This gives caregivers a better sense of control over the situation, and increases their confidence in caring for the patient. A major takeaway from reflecting on what health means to me has been my understanding of the importance of medical practitioner to focus not only on curing diseases but also to relieve the sufferings of patients, understood holistically. To me, health transcends the absence of disease to include the physical, psychological and social well-being of a person; it means the empowerment of the individual, and is the foundation of a fulfilling life; it also means caring about the people who care about you and whom you care about. Study: Can Miniperc Replace standard PCNL? Study: Can Miniperc Replace standard PCNL? Can Miniperc replace standard PCNL? : Appraisal of analysis of consecutive 318 patients. Or What is the contempory role of miniperc?: Appraisal of analysis of consecutive 318 patients. Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was introduced for treatment of renal stones in 1976 (1). Over the years PCNL has undergone many modifications and improvements. These were aimed at improving the clearance of the stone and towards achieving complete clearance and also at decreasing the complications associated with it. PCNL is the standard of care for renal stones with size > 20mm and a treatment option for stones

Administer Medication to Individuals Essay

This governs the manufacture and supply of medicines. This requires that the local pharmacist or dispensing doctor is responsible for supplying medication. He or she can only do this on the receipt of a prescription from an authorised person e.g. a doctor. According to the law (The Medicines Act 1968) medicines can be given by a third party, e.g. a suitably trained care worker, to the person that they were intended for when this is strictly in accordance with the directions that the prescriber has given. The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 and Amendments 1985, 2001 see more:handling medication This controls dangerous or otherwise harmful drugs designated as Controlled drugs. (CD) The main purpose of this act is to prevent the misuse of controlled drugs. Some CD’s are prescribed drugs used to treat severe pain. Some people abuse them by taking them when there is no clinical reason. The  purpose of the legislation impacts on care homes by requiring special arrangements for storage, administration, records and disposal. The misuse of drugs (Safe custody) Amendment Regulation 2007 This specifies how controlled drugs are stored and is referred to in the Standards for care homes. Controlled drugs must be kept in a Controlled drugs cabinet that complies with these regulations. The regulations specify the quality, construction, method of fixing and lock and key for the cupboard. The safer management of controlled drugs (2006) This specifies how controlled drugs are stored, administered and disposed of. Controlled drugs must be kept in a controlled drugs cabinet that complies with these regulations. Records must be made for all controlled drugs transactions. Care Home Regulations 2001 Regulation 13 states that a registered provider must make arrangements for the recording, handling, safekeeping, safe administration and disposal of medicines received into the care home. This applies to all medicines including controlled drugs. Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 To maintain safety for all in the workplace your employer must ensure that anyone administering medication has attended the appropriate training. The risks associated with the handling or administration of any medicine should be assessed for both staff and patients. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) The law requires employers to control exposure to hazardous substances for both employees and others who may be exposed and to ensure employees and properly informed, trained and supervised. Care Standards Act 2000 Regulates and inspects services used by people for care services, provides guidance and information. The Act, has a major impact on the quality of care provided to children and vulnerable adults, and could make the system of regulation and inspection of care in particular simpler, more transparent and navigable. All care including that provided by local authorities falls within the scope of the Act. Its key provisions are: * The creation of a National Care Standards Commission (NCSC) for England to undertake the  regulation of care. * The creation of a General Social Care Council (GSCC) for England and a Care Council for Wales to register social workers, regulate the training of the social care workforce and raise standards in social care through the production of codes of conduct and the maintained of a register of social care staff Access to Health Records Act 1990 The act defines who can see medical records. The individual can see his or her own records, but nobody else can except with the individuals permission. This includes next of kin and friends. Data Protection Act 1998 The Act applies to any organisation that keeps personal records on a computer to register as a data user and they must comply with specific regulations. They must be secure, allow the individual to have access to their records, record only relevant information, only be used for its stated purpose. Hazardous Waste Regulation 2005 Dispensed medication for individual service users either at home or in a care setting can be described as household waste or is covered by the Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005. These medications can be returned to the dispensing pharmacist for disposal. However, care situations that provide nursing care not covered by this legislation and must make their own arrangements for the disposal of unwanted medicine through a licensed waste management company. There should be a written policy in place which describes the local procedure for recording of unwanted medication to be returned to the pharmacist. All medication should be recorded and signed for by the receiving pharmacist and a copy kept by the organisation. National Minimum Standards * Standards 9.5 and 20.7 states that controlled drugs should be kept in a designated CD cupboard until staff are responsible for giving them to people. * Standards 9.7 and 20.9 Controlled drugs should be given by care workers who have been trained and designated to do so. Another trained and designated member of staff should witness this process. * Standards 9.8 and 20.11 care homes should keep additional records of receipt  administration and disposal of controlled drugs in a register. Working in line with your organisation’s policies and procedures enable you to work in line with best practice and the law (legislation). There must be a policy at your work place for the receipt, recording, storage, handling, administration and disposal of medicines. Check your policies and procedures file which should list the procedures relating to administration of medication with regards to your job role. 2.1 Common side effects from medicines All medicines can potentially cause side effects or adverse reactions and these can vary from person to person. Side effects may be minor or extreme enough to be life threatening. Common side effects include: rashes, stiffness, breathing difficulties, shaking, swelling, headaches, nausea, drowsiness, vomiting, constipation, diarrhoea, weight gain. Side effects can either present as one symptom or as a combination of symptoms. Staff must monitor all medication given and record and adverse reactions in the service users care/support plans. The service users GP must be contacted and the medication stopped until informed otherwise. All medication should come with a description leaflet, which lists possible side effects. These should be retained for future reference. If medication for service users come in MDS packs then the pharmacist should be contacted for information on all medication dispensed in this manner. Older people are particularly susceptible to reacting adversely to medication and are often already taking many different types of medication. Staff should be particularly vigilant with older people. Common adverse reaction symptoms in older people are: restlessness, falls, confusion, drowsiness, depression, constipation, incontinence, and Parkinson’s symptoms. Policies and procedures should be put in place locally, describing the steps to be followed in the event of an adverse reaction to a medicine, whether minor or life threatening. Read more:  Medication to Individuals Essay Common types of medication Types of medication Function Antibiotics To fight infection Analgesics To relieve  pain Anti-histamines To relieve allergy symptoms Antacids For digestion Anticoagulants To prevent blood clots Psychotropic medicines which interact with the nervous system Diuretics Used to get rid of excess fluid Laxatives To alleviate constipation Hormones E.g. steroids or insulin Cytotoxic medicines to treat some forms of cancer Medication Common side effects Hypnotics and sedatives –Temazepam and Nitrazepam Causes drowsiness in the morning Antibiotics such as Erythromycin and Amoxicillin Nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea and skin rashes. Analgesics Strong painkillers such as codeine and morphine Nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, confusion and constipation. Antidepressants such as Amitriptyline becoming sleepy and confused. 2.2 Some medication which demands the measurement of specific physiological measurements are as follow: Insulin (blood glucose testing) to ensure the blood glucose is not too high (which prevents healing and increases the risk of damage to the nerve endings among many other effects) or too low (could induce a loss of consciousness for example) and warfarin (a blood thinner) which requires the blood to be checked regularly to monitor how effective the drug is i.e. is it preventing the blood being too â€Å"thin† (which could cause an internal bleed) or under anti-coagulated leaving the patient at risk of blood clots. There is also Digoxin. The pulse should be recorded prior to administration of the drug. Also a test is used to monitor the concentration of the drug in the blood. The dose of digoxin prescribed may be adjusted depending on the level measured. A doctor may order one or more digoxin tests when a person begins treatment to determine if the initial dosage is within therapeutic range and then order it at regular intervals to ensure that the therapeutic level is maintained. Apart from the administration of insulin you may not be expected to have a full knowledge of the others above or to take out the clinical activities but there should be an awareness of the reasons for clinical monitoring and to ensure that these take place as directed by a clinician. 2.3 The individuals you work with may experience unwanted or adverse effects after the administration of medication and you need to recognise this and take action. Adverse effects could be: * Anaphylactic shock – occurs sometimes after the use of an antibiotic. * Swelling of body parts, skin changes, breathing difficulties etc. If you observe any adverse changes you need to follow the laid down procedures at your workplace which you need to write out to support your answer of the appropriate action to take. * Inform the manager and seek professional help immediately. * Observe the individual * Document all adverse reactions and action taken * Treat the symptoms following clinical advice. * Record the medicine and reaction in the care plan and MAR chart. * Inform the individual’s own doctor and the pharmacist as soon as possible. 2.4 Administration Route * Oral – by mouth, tablets and syrups * Aural – ear drops * Rectal – suppositories * Vaginal – tablets, creams * Sublingual – under tongue * Nasogastric – via a nasogastric tube * Buccal – between the lips and gums * Inhaled – into lungs via inhaler or nebuliser * Ocular/ophthalmic – eye drops * Nasal – sprays, drops * Topical – skin creams * Intra venous – directly or via a drip into a vein * Intramuscular – injection into muscle * Subcutaneous – injection into subcutaneous layer of skin * Transdermal – injection under top layer of skin, patches e.g. HRT * Peg – Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy – medicines are introduced via a PEG tube which has been inserted directly into the service users stomach. 3.1/2 Using a few of the different routes of administration highlight the materials or equipments involved. For example * A service user who has a severe chest condition may require a nebulizer. This devise pumps air through a mask/mouthpiece that contains the medicine in a chamber. The medicine is converted into a fine mist and the service user inhales the medicine. * Oral administration – spoon, pill pot, water, gloves * Topical administration – gloves to avoid cross contamination and potential harm to yourself. 5.3 An example of this would be what to do when you make an error in administration of medication. Anyone can make a mistake but it is important that you report the incident immediately to your manager to avoid any damage or deterioration to the health of the individual. Your workplace should have a policy in place of what to do when an error in administration has been made and why. Read and summarise. If you have administered medicine to an individual and they develop an adverse effect which you are not competent to handle you need to report following the procedures at your workplace. Medication errors happen, but you should report errors immediately. An error in the administration of a medicine can be at best inconvenient or at worst  fatal. Common medication errors include; – * Under administration * Over administration * Incorrect medication * Incorrect prescription * Non administration * Non recording * Administration of wrong medicine to wrong service user * Administration at wrong time. When any error in administering medication occurs, the local procedure must be followed immediately and should include the following steps:- * Report immediately to your line manager and follow directions given * Report immediately to the prescriber/GP/pharmacist and follow directions given * If serious error is made the service user may need hospital treatment * Document error fully All incidents should be fully investigated, the results documented and every possible action taken to prevent the mistake happening again. If serious negligence or an attempt to cover up the mistake is discovered, this should be treated as a disciplinary offence. Failure to record medication errors is a Registration Offence for qualified staff and should be reported to the NMC. The Care Commission and CQC also require to be notified of medication errors. 5.5 Even if an individual wishes to self administer their medication it is still necessary to maintain a record of their current medication as stated in the National minimum standards which states â€Å" The service user, following assessment as able to self administer medication, has a lockable space in which to store medication, to which suitably trained, designated care staff may have access with the service users permission† It is necessary to confirm that the individual actually takes the medication because you are required to complete the MAR (Medicines Administration record) accurately. If the individual passed the medication to another individual, that person  could become seriously ill as could the person who the medication was intended for. You are responsible for the administration and its accuracy and it is your duty of care to protect individuals from harm. 5.7 CONTROLLED DRUGS Special arrangements apply to the disposal of Controlled Drugs (CD’s) in care homes registered to provide nursing care in England and Wales: * If supplied for a named person: denature CDs using a kit designed for this purpose and then consign to a licensed waste disposal company * If supplied as a ‘stock’ for the care home (nursing) : an authorised person must witness the disposal. For all other social care settings, the CDs should be returned to the pharmacist or dispensing doctor who supplied them at the earliest opportunity for safe denaturing and disposal. When CDs are returned for disposal, a record of the return should be made in the CD record book. It is good practice to obtain a signature for receipt from the pharmacist or dispensing doctor. Handling non prescribed controlled drugs and their disposal Sometimes people bring illicit substances into care homes. The care setting should take advice from local police and if necessary the Serious and Organised Crime Agency concerning appropriate procedures for dealing with this. Homecare providers should devise policies and procedures in relation to service users using illicit drugs. This may include a requirement for care workers to vacate the premises if a service user is smoking, consuming or injecting illegal substances. Legal advice should be sought in situations where care workers may be at risk of aiding and abetting a service user to perform an illegal act. DISPOSAL OF MEDICINES All care settings should have a written policy for the safe disposal of surplus, unwanted or expired medicines. When care staff are responsible for the disposal, a complete record of medicines should be made The normal method for disposing of medicines should be by returning them to the supplier. The supplier can then ensure that these medicines are disposed of  in accordance with current waste regulations. In England, care homes (nursing) must not return medicines to a community pharmacist but use a licensed waste management company. Additional advice is provided by CQC in safe disposal of waste medicines from care homes (nursing). The situations when medicines might need to be disposed of include: * A person’s treatment has changed or is discontinued – the remaining supplies of it should be disposed of safely (with the persons consent) * A person transfers to another care service – they should take all of their medicines with them, unless they agree to dispose of any that are no longer needed * A person dies. The person’s medicines should be kept for seven days, in case the Coroner’s Office, Procurator Fiscal (in Scotland) or courts ask for them * The medicine reaches its expiry date. Some medicine expiry dates are shortened when the product has been opened and is in use, for example, eye drops. When applicable, this sis stated in the product information leaflet (PIL). All disposals of medicines must be clearly documented. Administer Medication To Individuals Essay The Medicines Act 1968. This governs the control of medicines for human and veterinary use which includes the manufacture and supply of medicines – the Act defines three categories of medicine:- 1. Prescription Only Medicines (POM) These are available only from the chemist /pharmacy if prescribed by GP. 2. Pharmacy Medicines Available from the pharmacy but without a prescriptions 3. General Sales List (GSL) Medicines which may be bought from any shop without a prescriptions. Human Medicines Regulations 2012 These Regulations set out a complex regime for the authorisation of medicinal products for human use, Manufacture, import, distribution, sale and supply of those products. For the labelling and advertising and for drug safety. See more:  Masters of Satire: John Dryden and Jonathan Swift Essay The Misuse Of Drugs Act 1971 This act creates three classes of controlled substances A, B, and C, and ranges of penalties for illegal or unlicensed possession and possession with the intent to supply are graded differently within each class. The lists of substances within each class can be amended by order so the Home Secretary can list new drugs and upgrade or downgrade or de-list previously controlled drugs with less of the bureaucracy and delay The Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) Regulations 2001. The Misuse of Drugs Act controls the export, import, supply and possession of dangerous or otherwise harmful drugs. In effect the Act largely renders unlawful all activities in the drugs controlled under the act except provided for under the regulations made under the Act. The drugs which are subject to the control of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Health Act 2006 An Act to make provision of the prohibition of smoking in certain premises, places and vehicles and for amending the minimum age of persons to whom tobacco may be sold, to make provisions in relation to the prevention and control of health care associated infection, to make provisions in relation  to the management and use of controlled drugs, to make provision in relation to the management and use of controlled drugs, to make provision in relation to the supervision of certain dealings with medicinal products and the running of pharmacy premises and about orders under the Medicines Act 1968 and orders amending that Act under the Health Act 1999 Health and Social Care Act 2008 (2012) The main focus of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 was to create a new regulator whose aim and purpose was to provide registration and inspection of health and adult social care services together for the first time, with the aim of ensuring safety and quality of care for service users. The Care Quality Commission was established by statute, with enhanced powers to regulate primary care services, including hospitals, GP practices, Dental practices, Ambulance Services and Care Homes. These powers include failing registration, fines and even closing practices down which do not adhere to the Fundamental Standards in Quality and Safety. This cohesive approach has led to the CQC becoming one of the most powerful regulatory bodies in the UK. Read more: The Health and Social Care Act 2012 made minor changes to the 2008 Act, but for the purposes of Health and Adult Social Care professionals looking at the registration and inspection regime, this only amounted to terminological clarification, a strengthening of the relationship between the CQC and Monitor and the establishment of The Healthwatch England Committee as part of the CQC. In addition to this the following institutions have been abolished: The Office of the Health Professions Adjudicator, The National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care, The National Patient Safety Agency and The NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement. The Controlled Drugs (Supervision and management And Use) Regulations 2006 The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 divide controlled drugs (CDs) into five schedules corresponding to their theraputic usefulness and misuse potential. A Number of changes affecting the prescribing, record keeping and destruction of CDs have been introduced a s a result of amendments to the Misuse Of Drugs Regulations 2001. The Controlled Drugs (Supervision of Management and Use) Regulations 2006 came into effect on 1st January 2007. The Health and Safety at Work Act – The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is also referred to as JSWA, The HSW Act, The 1974 Act or  HASAWA. This is the primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety in Great Britain. The Health and Safety Executive with local authorities (and other enforcing authorities) is responsible for enforcing the Act and a number of other Acts and Statutory Instruments relevant to the working environment. Essential Standards (Regulation 13) 2008.2010 – This is a very small part in Regulation 13 as in, The registered pewrson must have suitable arrangements in place for obtaining and acting in the best interest of the individual. Where they are able to give valid consent to the examination, care, treatment and support they receive. Understand and know how to change any decisions about examination, care, treatment as in medication and support that has been previously agreed, can be confident that their human rights are respected and taken into account accordance with the consent of service users in relation to the care and treatment provided for them. Data Protection Act 1998 – The Act’s definition of â€Å"personal data† covers any data that can be used to identify a living individual. Individuals can be identified by various means including their names and address, telephone number or email address. The Act applies only to data which is held or intended to be held on computers (equipment operating automatically in response to instructions given for that purpose) or held in a relevant filing system. Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 2002 The occupational use of nano materials is regulated under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) is the law that requires employers to control substances that are hazardous to health and includes nano materials. This covers controlled drugs as well The Environmental Protection Act 1990 & The Waste and Contaminated land Order 1997 – place a Duty Of Care on anyone who produces, collects, treats and disposes of waste. This includes feminine hygiene, clinical, sharps, medicines, dental wastes, confidential waste or other waste to be recycled. The main principles of duty of care are about documenting the transfer of waste and checking up on anyone you transfer waste to (e.g. if they are a registered carrier of waste, if they are taking waste to suitably licensed / permitted sites). You should only use a Contractor who can provide proof of compliance with the legislation. Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005 – The regulations replaced the special waste regulations 1996 in England and fully meet the requirements of the Hazardous Waste Directive. The regulations  remove the current need to pre-notify the Environment Agency before hazardous waste can be moved off site, and include a simpler method for tracking wastes once they have been moved. The include a new system to ensure that certain sites where hazardous waste is produced are notified to the Environment Agency. This will improve the whole regulation of the hazardous waste chain from source site to waste site. These regulations had previously amended certain clinical, medicinal and dental wastes they are now affected by the new Regulations as well as you must not mix hazardous with non-hazardous waste. Soft/hard Clinical waste, Sharps and pharmaceutical-sharpes This waste may be classed as hazardous, due to its infectious nature. The Department of Health has produced important new guidance in Safe Management of Healthcare waste. Offensive waste-Sanitary, Incontinence, red lidded sharps. Feminine hygiene, nappy and incontinence and fully discharged syringes are not classed as hazardous or special waste and do not require consignment notes. The Guideline policies and procedures in the Care Home I work in In my workplace, I have access Common Types of Medication Effects Potential Side Effects Analgesics. e.g. Paracetamol Analgesics are used to relieve pain such as headaches Addiction to these can happen if taken over a long period of time. Also, irritation of the stomach, liver damage and sleep disturbances as some analgesics contain caffeine. Antibiotics. e.g. Amoxicillin Antibiotics are used to treat infections that are caused by bacteria Diarrhoea, feeling sick and vomiting are the most common side effects. Some people get a fungal infection such as thrush after  treatment with antibiotics for a longer period of time.   More serious side-effects of antibiotics include kidney problems, blood disorders, increased sensitivity to the sun and deafness. However, these are rare. Antidepressants. e.g. Citalopram Antidepressants work by changing the chemical balance in the brain and that can in turn change the psychological state of the mind such as depression Common side effects include blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, increased appetite, nausea, restlessness, shaking or trembling and difficulty sleeping. Other side effects include, dry mouthy, constipation and sweating Anticoagulants. e.g. Warfarin Anticoagulants are used to prevent blood clotting A side effect common to all anticoagulants is the risk of excessive bleeding (Haemorrhages) This is because these medicines increase the time that it takes clots to form. If clots take too long to form, then you can experience excessive bleeding. Side effects may include passing blood in your urine or faeces, severe bruising, prolonged nosebleeds (Lasting longer than 10 Minutes) Blood in your vomit, coughing up blood unusual headaches, sudden sever back pain and difficulty breathing or chest pain. Some Side effects with warfarin include rashes, diarrhoea, nausea (Feeling sick) and vomiting Identify Medication Which Demands The Measurement of Specific Physiological Measurements Describe The Common Adverse Reactions To Medication, How Each Can Be Recognised And the Appropriate Action(s) Required Unexpected adverse reactions can happen for any drug potentially that an individual is taking. For example one individual I work a person may have an adverse reaction to penicillin, anaphylactic shock; the signs of this are the swelling of for example the lips or face, a skin rash and the individual may also have breathing difficulties. This is why it is important that all information about an individual is recorded in full in their care plan and on the MAR sheet. Other severe adverse reactions could include a fever and skin blistering; if adverse reactions are not treated they could fatal. These usually occur within an hour of the medications being administered. Sometimes adverse reactions can develop a few weeks after and may cause damage to the kidneys or liver. If a service user at my place of work happened to have an adverse reaction to a medication, I would notify the Nurse on duty and/or House Manager. It would be up to them to contact the local GP for advice, and if necessary to make arrangements to get the service user to hospital for treatment. Explain the Different Routes Of Medicine Administration Routes Of Administration Explanation Inhalation Inhalers and nebulisers are used for individuals who have respiratory conditions as these deliver the medication directly to the lungs. Conditions such as Asthma and COPD Oral This medication is taken via the mouth. This can be in the form of tablets and capsules. If am individual finds it difficult to swallow tablets oral medication is also available in liquids, suspensions and syrups. Sub lingual medications are for example when tablets are placed under the tongue to dissolve quickly Transdermal Transdermal medications come in the form of patches that are applied to the skin normally to the chest or upper arm. They work by allowing the medication to be released slowly and then absorbed. For example, Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) patches and nicotine patches. Topical Topical medications come in the form of creams and gels and are applied directly to the skin surface usually to treat skin conditions. Instillation  Instillation medications come in the form of drops or ointments and can be instilled via the eyes, nose or ears. Drops can be used for ear or eye  infections. Nose sprays are used for treating for example hay fever. Intravenous Intravenous medication enters directly into the veins and absorbed quickly. This route can only be done by a doctor or trained nurse Rectal/Vaginal Rectal medications are absorbed very quickly. Suppositories are available and are given into the rectum. Pessaries are given into the vagina. Only after training can these medications be administered. Subcutaneous Subcutaneous medications are injected just beneath the skin i.e. insulin is administered in this way. Only after training can these medications be administered. Intramuscular Intramuscular medication is injected directly into the large muscles in the body, i.e. the legs or bottom. This route can only be done by a doctor or trained nurse. Administer medication to individuals Essay Current legislation, guidelines, policies and protocols relevant to administering medication are:- The Medicines Act 1968 – requires that local pharmacist or dispencing doctor is responsible for supplying medication. The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 – controls dangerous and harmful drugs, I.e. controlled drugs (CD’s) The Misuse of Drugs and the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2007 – specifies about handling, record keeping and storing controlled drugs correctly. The Safer Management of Controlled Drugs Regulations 2006 – specifies how controlled drugs are stored, administered and disposed of. Common types of medication include:- Medication Effects Side effects PareacetamolIt is commonly used for the relief of headaches and other minor aches and pains Mild to no side effects. Prolonged daily use increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal complications such as stomach bleedingOmeprazole suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the H+/K+-ATPase in the gastric parietal cell. By acting specifically on the proton pump, omeprazole blocks the final step in acid production, thus reducing gastric acidity headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, dizziness, trouble awakening and sleep deprivation Levothyroxine Levothyroxine is approved to treat hypothyroidism and to suppress thyroid hormone release in the management of cancerous thyroid nodules and growth of goiterrs. See more:  First Poem for You Essay Levothyroxine may increase the effect of blood thinners such as warfarin. Therefore, monitoring of blood clotting is necessary, and a decrease in the dose of warfarin may be necessary. AsprinUsed to relive minor aches and pains such as headaches. It can be also used to thin the blood to reduce the possibility of a blood clots, heart attacks and strokes. Aspirin use has been shown to increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding2 Medication that demands the measurement of specific psychological measurements includes :Spironolactone – blood pressure Furosemide- blood  pressure Digoxin – blood pressure Warfarin – INR blood test 3 Common side effects to medication include: Side effects How can be recognised Actions required Weight gain Visual and my weighing Diet control Constipation Not being able to pass a bowel motion LaxitivesDrowsiness Person being very sleepy Rest until drowsiness wears off Rashes Visual appearance on the skin Stop medication and consult GP Vomiting Person is vomiting Consult GP DiahorreaPerson having loose bowlesSeek advice from GP Swelling Swelling of limbs face ectStop medication and consult GP Breathing difficulties Person finding in difficult to breath Ring 999 4 Different routes of medicine administration: Oral – tablets, capsules, liquids etc. These are swallowed by the person. Sublingually – tablets or liquids are administered under the tongue for speed of absorption. Inhalation administration – this is breathed in through the nose or mouth so its delivered straight into where it is most needed i.e. the lungs. Intramuscular (IM) injection administration – injected into large muscles onto the body e.g. legs, bottom. Can only be performed by a trained doctor or nurse.Intravenous (IV) injection administration – administered directly into the veins so it is rapidly absorbed into the body.Subcutaneous injection – medicine is injected directly under the skin, most common type of medicine injected in this way is insulin. Instillation administration – these can be a suspension or liquid and can be administered in a number of ways via ear nose or eyes. Rectal Administration – these are usually suppositories and are absorbed into the body quickly by this route. Vaginal administration – only really used to treat conditions in the vagina such as thrush Topical application administration – creams, ointments and gels are applied to the skin. Transdermal patch – this is applied the skin for slow absorption into the body. Explain the types, function and purpose of equipment and materials used when administering medication. Type Purpose and function Gloves They protect the skin and stops cross contamination Aprons They protect cloth and create a barrier which helps prevent cross contamination Sharps bin This is used for the safe disposal of needles etc. Needles These are available in an array of sizes so they are specific to the function and resident using them. They are used to inject insulin into diabetics Syringe These are available in different sizes and are used to obtain the correct amount on medication. Medication pots These are used to safely transport and hold the medication before being administered to the resident. Monitored dosage system (MDS) This is system pharmacists use to dispense medicines and must be used with accordance to the MAR record. inhalers You can also compliance aids such as Aerochambers to aid to inhale the medicine correctly. The required information on prescriptions and medications charts include: The name or names and address of the patient or patients. The name and quantity of the drug or device prescribed and the directions for use. The date of issue. Either rubber stamped, typed, or printed by hand or typeset, the name, address, and telephone number of the prescriber, his or her license classification, and his or her federal registry number, if a controlled substance is prescribed. Strength The time the medication should be administered. Outcome 4 In order to ensure I follow standards to prevent infection control I must make sure that I wash mu hands before and after each resident. You should always wear gloves if you run the risk of handling them inadvertently if they are cytotoxic. Medicines should always be stored in a clean and tidy environment. All medication a resident takes will be recorded on the MDS chart and all staff trained in administering medication will know how to record and understand the MAR charts. If resident B requests some pain relief you should always refer to the MDS chart to see what type of pain relief medication they are taking. It will also state how often they can have the medication and by what route the medication should be given. When preparing medication you should always refer to the MDS chart as it will tell you the exact time that the resident had their last pain relief. If it is ok to give the resident the medication then you should prepare the medication and then take it straight to the person. You should then immediately record the transaction onto the MDS chart either by signing it to say that the medicine has been taken or recording the reason for non-administration. This is done be a code described on the MDS chart. You have to obtain the residents consent before administering them their medication. They must know what the medication they are taking and have the right to refuse medication. The resident may ask what their medication is for and I must give them this information. If a resident is not capable of making an informed choice i.e. the resident has got a mental illness and it is essential that that resident has their medication then it may have to be administered covertly (hidden or disguised in food) this must only be done after discussion with a doctor. All medication for each individual resident will be stored in MDS and are clearly labelled so selecting to correct medication is easier. After selecting all the correct medication with accordance to the MDS chart you should then check you have the correct type and dosage against the MDS chart. If any medicines have to be prepared for example having 10mls of lactulose you should ensue you prepare the correct amount them double check the amount against the MDS chart. There are different routes for administering medication. You should always read the label of medication to ensure that are administering it in in the correct way. If you are giving insulin to a resident it is important to  alternate sites of injection, so you must look in their insulin record book to see which site was used for the last injection. You must also make sure that the site is clean before you inject. You must ensure that you give the correct medication at the correct dose by the correct route at the correct time with agreed support. You must always use the medication system in place at the home and make sure that medication is given as stated on the MDS charts. My doing this you will stay in line with legislation and the homes policies. There may be immediate problems when administering medication which have to be resolved and reported such as: Missed medication – the medication may have been missed as the resident was asleep, or because they go out regular social events. If they miss their medication on a regular occasion that you should talk to their GP or pharmacist to see if their medication regime can be changed so it is more suited therefore they do not miss medications. Spilt medication – this may occasionally happen you may knock over a resident dispersible aspirin, if this happens you should give them the last dose from the MDS blister pack and record to say why this is missing. A person decides not to take prescribed medication – you must find out why the person is choosing not to take their medication. You can explain the side effects if the person does not take their medication but you cannot force then to take it. You must inform their GP of their wishes not to take the medication. Wrong medication used – mistakes can happen in social care especially if poor systems are in place. If a medication error has been made you must follow the correct procedures. You must seek advice from a doctor to make sure the medication that has been given in error does not react with any other medication that the resident is taking. You must them fill out an incident report. Adverse reaction – these may occur when a resident takes any medicine. They may have been taking the medication for a short or long time before that reaction happens. It is important to document the reaction when it occurs and inform the doctor. All of the above must be reported to the senior member on shift and also recorded in their care notes. When administering medication you must monitor the resident throughout so you can observe if any adverse reaction are taking place. If any adverse reactions are taking place you must take the appropriate action depending on the type of reaction. This must then also be recorded in their care notes and their doctor will also have to be informed. It is necessary to confirm that the resident has taken their medication and does not pass it on to others as the medication if taken by another resident may be harmful to them. The resident if they have mental health issues may not realise that the medication is only for them to take and may believe them to be sweets. You must also ensure they take them so that you can sign the MDS chart or else you cannot correctly sing the chart as you are signing to say they have took the medication. You should only leave medication with a resident if a risk assessment has been carried out. All medication must be stored in a locked dry room. The room must not be above 25 °Ã¡ ¶Å" to ensure that they are stored within their product licences and their stability is maintained. The MDS chart must also be stored in a locked cupboard as all information about a resident medication is confidential. The drugs trolley’s whilst in use must be kept in good vision in order to maintain security. After each medication round the trolleys must be locked up in the locked cupboard at the senior member on shift should hold the keys to this room in order to maintain security. Any out-of-date and part used medication must be sent back in the correct way in accordance to your MDS. All medication must be counted and recorded on the medication returns record. You have to record which resident’s medication it is, what strength, the amount being returned and the reason for disposal. Two members of staff have to sign and count the medication being returned, the pharmacist then collects the medication and will return the receipt that the homes keeps to record that the medication has been returned.